Afropunk

Afropunk is the current of Black punk, hardcore and alternative music named by the 2003 documentary "Afro-Punk" and the festival it seeded in Brooklyn. Its roots lie in *Bad Brains*, *Fishbone*, *Living Colour* and Detroit's *Death* — Black bands who worked inside white-dominated rock scenes from the late 1970s — and the movement gave their successors, from *Santigold* and *Janelle Monáe* to *Ho99o9* and *Nova Twins*, a shared banner. Musically it is deliberately unbounded, running from hardcore and metal to art pop and industrial rap, unified instead by Black presence and self-definition within alternative culture and by an ethic of radical inclusion.