Beatboxing

Beatboxing is the art of creating drum beats, rhythms and musical sounds with the mouth, lips, tongue and voice, developed within hip-hop culture in New York in the early 1980s. Pioneers *Doug E. Fresh* and *Buffy* of the *Fat Boys* established its basic vocabulary of kick, snare and hi-hat imitations; *Rahzel* extended it towards simultaneous singing and beat production on "Make the Music 2000", and *Björk*'s "Medúlla" built an entire album substantially from vocal percussion. Modern practitioners such as *Killa Kela*, *Beardyman* and *Reeps One* use looping and effects to construct complete tracks live from a single voice.