Jovem Guarda

Jovem Guarda was the first Brazilian rock and roll movement, a youth phenomenon of the mid-1960s named after the television programme that launched it. Its musicians adapted British beat music and American rock and roll, twist and surf to Portuguese-language songs about romance, cars and generational freedom, performed by singers and guitar groups in matching suits. Centred on São Paulo and broadcast nationally by #TV Record#, the movement made stars of *Roberto Carlos*, *Erasmo Carlos* and *Wanderléa*, created Brazil's first teen-idol industry, and was displaced at the decade's end by Tropicália and MPB, whose artists defined themselves partly against it.