Langgam Jawa

Langgam Jawa is the Javanese style of kroncong music that emerged in Surakarta (Solo) in the late 1940s and 1950s, in which kroncong songs are sung in Javanese and reshaped by the scales and sensibility of gamelan. A langgam ensemble keeps the kroncong core of cuk and cak ukuleles, guitar, flute, violin, cello and bass, but melodies follow gamelan's pentatonic and seven-note pathet, and singers use the heavy vibrato and phrasing of Javanese vocal music. *Waldjinah*, crowned queen of keroncong, made standards such as "Bengawan Solo" and "Yen Ing Tawang" its enduring repertoire.