Romantic

Western art music of the long nineteenth century, conventionally c. 1815 to 1910, in which expression of individual feeling becomes the organising value: expanded harmonic language, larger orchestras, and genres scaled from the intimate piano miniature and Lied to the music drama and the vast symphony. Its composers — *Beethoven* at the threshold, then *Schubert*, *Chopin*, *Schumann*, *Liszt*, *Wagner*, *Brahms*, *Tchaikovsky* and *Mahler* — treated music as autobiography, literature and philosophy, and their works still form the core of the concert and opera repertoire.